Simulate Continuous Patient Outcomes with Proportion at Zero

Simulates patient outcomes from a normal distribution, with a specified percentage of patients having an outcome of 0. In this example, the continuous outcome represents a patient's change from baseline. This function generates patient outcomes such that, on average:

• A specified proportion of patients will have a value of 0 for the outcome, as defined by UserParam.

• The remaining patients will have their values simulated from a normal distribution using the provided mean and standard deviation parameters.

Usage

SimulateContinuousPatientOutcomePercentAtZero(
  NumSub,
  TreatmentID,
  Mean,
  StdDev,
  UserParam = NULL
)

Arguments

NumSub

The number of subjects to simulate. Must be an integer value.

TreatmentID

A vector of treatment IDs, where:

• 0 represents Treatment 1.

• 1 represents Treatment 2. The length of TreatmentID must equal NumSub.

Mean

A numeric vector of length 2 specifying the mean values for the two treatments.

StdDev

A numeric vector of length 2 specifying the standard deviations for each treatment.

UserParam

A list of user-defined parameters. Must contain the following named elements:

UserParam$dProbOfZeroOutcomeCtrl

Numeric (0, 1); defines the probability that a patient has an outcome of 0 for the control (Treatment 1).

UserParam$dProbOfZeroOutcomeExp

Numeric (0, 1); defines the probability that a patient has an outcome of 0 for the experimental (Treatment 2).

Value

A list containing the following elements:

Response

A numeric vector representing the simulated outcomes for each patient.

ErrorCode

Optional integer value:

0

No error.

> 0

Non-fatal error; current simulation is aborted but subsequent simulations continue.

< 0

Fatal error; no further simulations are attempted.